Wood splitter pumps are a crucial component of hydraulic wood splitters. These pumps convert mechanical energy from the machine's engine into hydraulic energy that powers the splitter's ram, which is responsible for splitting the wood. However, like any other machinery, wood splitter pumps can sustain damage and require replacement or repair. The following are some common reasons for wood splitter pump damage:

1. Contamination: Hydraulic pumps are sensitive components that require clean oil to function correctly and efficiently. Contaminated oil is a leading cause of wood splitter pump damage because it can cause significant issues in the pump's function. Oil contamination can occur from small particles like dirt, dust, or grime, or larger foreign bodies like metal flakes or debris. Contaminants in the oil can cause severe pump damage, including reduced performance, corrosion or erosion of metal rods and bearings.

Another form of contamination is moisture, which can lead to corrosion, rust and wear and tear. Water and moisture can enter the hydraulic system through damp air, broken seals, or leakages at the pump's connections. Water contamination can cause serious damage to the pump and lead to system failure. To prevent moisture contamination, it is essential to keep the hydraulic fluid clean and dry, install proper desiccant breathers, replace worn out pipes and connectors and store the pump in a dry environment.

Choosing the wrong hydraulic fluid can lead to contamination of the hydraulic system, causing damage to the pump. The hydraulic system must contain the recommended fluid type and maintain the recommended viscosity range to ensure adequate lubrication of critical pump components. Usage of incompatible fluid can cause oxidation and thickening of the fluid, leading to internal wear of the pump blades and seals. Using improper hydraulic fluid can also cause cavitation, which leads to severe pump damage. It is essential to use manufacturer-recommended fluids.

Pumps generate heat while they operate. During normal pumping operations, the oil should adequately dissipate the heat generated by the pump. However, in cases of restricted or insufficient oil supply, the pump may begin to overheat. Overheating results in elevated pressure in the hydraulic system, which can cause damage to the pump's seals, wear rings, and other internal components.Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs when air bubbles form in the hydraulic oil system due to low oil pressure or fast-moving oil. As the bubbles implode, they cause severe and rapid surface damage to the pump body. Seizure and erosion of metal components can occur. Cavitation damage can be identified through noise or a knocking sound caused by the air bubbles being forced through the pump.

4. Incorrect Assembly/Installation: Incorrect installation or assembly of the wood splitter pump can lead to damage to the pump and its components. This includes improper alignment, incorrect torque on bolts and plugs, and incorrect oil levels, among other issues. Such errors result in misaligned pump shaft, weak seals, and bearing damage. It is vital to follow manufacturer's instructions on how to correctly handle, install, and maintain the pumps.

5. Age and Wear: With constant use, wear and tear is inevitable on all machinery, including wood splitter pumps. Long-term use can cause gradual wear and tear to pump components, leading to reduced performance and, ultimately, pump failure. Old pumps that have not been maintained or serviced regularly are more likely to require replacement as compared to newer pumps.

Contamination in wood splitter pumps can cause significant damage, leading to the failure of the equipment and other problems. To prevent contamination from affecting the functionality of the wood splitter pump, it is crucial to understand different sources that can cause this type of damage. Here are a few more causes of contamination in wood splitter pumps and how to prevent them: